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Ausstellungstipp: Jüdische Geschichte und Gegenwart in Deutschland. Jüdisches Museum Berlin

Die Dauerausstellung im Libeskind-Bau zeigt auf 3.500 qm die Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland vom Mittelalter bis in die Gegenwart. Ein Besuch ist aktueller denn je.

„Die Geschichte der Juden hat sich nicht geändert – aber unsere Perspektive darauf. Die Gesellschaft wandelt sich und mit ihr auch das Publikum des Jüdischen Museums Berlin. Darauf geht die Ausstellung ein. Sie zeigt die Vielfalt des Judentums und ermutigt Besucher, jüdische Kultur in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln zu betrachten“, sagt Hetty Berg, Direktorin des Jüdischen Museums Berlin.

Zwischen Zugehörigkeit und Ausgrenzung

Die Ausstellung erzählt die Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland vom Mittelalter bis heute. Jüdische Gemeinschaften waren stets eng mit ihrer Umgebung verflochten. Zugehörigkeit und Ausgrenzung thematisiert die Ausstellung in ihren unterschiedlichen historischen Ausprägungen, von nachbarschaftlichem Zusammenleben bis zur Gewalt.

Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Geschichte nach 1945: Diese reicht vom Umgang mit der Zäsur des Holocaust über den Neubeginn jüdischen Lebens in der Bundesrepublik und der DDR bis hin zur Migrationsgesellschaft im heutigen Deutschland. Was zeichnet die jüdische Gemeinschaft aus? Welche Perspektiven hat sie auf politische, gesellschaftliche und kulturelle Phänomene ihrer Zeit? Und wie definiert sie sich heute? Die Ausstellung lässt eine Vielzahl jüdischer Stimmen zu Wort kommen, die unterschiedliche und teils widersprüchliche Sichtweisen auf die historischen Herausforderungen zeigen.

Einblicke in jüdische Kultur und Tradition

Anders als zuvor wird die 1700-jährige Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland nicht streng chronologisch erzählt: Der Rundgang durch die Ausstellung wechselt zwischen historischen Epochen und Einblicken in jüdische Themen jenseits geografischer und zeitlicher Grenzen. Was ist im Judentum heilig? Was bedeutet der Schabbat? Welchen Klang hat das Judentum? Acht thematische Inseln laden Besucher ein, sich mit allen Sinnen in jüdische Kultur und Tradition zu vertiefen. Sie können liturgischen Gesängen, Purim-Rasseln und Popmusik lauschen oder in Interviews erfahren, ob, wie und warum Juden heute den Geboten folgen. Die raumgreifende Arbeit des Künstlers Anselm Kiefer Schewirat ha-Kelim (Bruch der Gefäße) bietet eine Interpretation der Schöpfungsmythen der Kabbala Isaak Lurias.

Das Thema Antisemitismus durchzieht viele Epochen und wird zusätzlich in einem Debattenraum behandelt: Vier Kurzfilme greifen antisemitische Fallbeispiele der Gegenwart auf, die aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven von Historikern und Sozialwissenschaftlern eingeordnet werden.

Mehr Gegenwart

Das Rückgrat der Ausstellung bilden fünf historische Kapitel. Sie reichen von den Anfängen jüdischen Lebens in Aschkenas über die Emanzipationsbewegung im 19. Jahrhundert und deren gewaltsames Ende durch den Nationalsozialismus bis zur Vielstimmigkeit jüdischen Lebens heute.

Mehr Gegenwart zeigt die Ausstellung nicht nur in der ausführlichen Darstellung der Zeit nach 1945, sondern auch durch zeitgenössische Deutungen historischer Phänomene. So wird die jüdische Rezeption Richard Wagners durch Kommentare zur heutigen Aufführungspraxis von dem Generalmusikdirektor der Berliner Staatsoper, Daniel Barenboim, und dem Intendanten der Komischen Oper Berlin, Barrie Kosky, beleuchtet. Die Themen-Räume Tora oder Gebot und Gebet beschäftigen sich mit Überlieferung und religiöser Praxis heute.

Schätze der Sammlung

Stärker noch als zuvor stellt das Museum den Reichtum der eigenen Sammlung ins Zentrum. Von den mehr als 1000 ausgestellten Objekten stammen knapp 70 Prozent aus dem eigenen Bestand. Die interaktive Medieninstallation Familienalbum präsentiert das Herzstück der Sammlung: das historische Vermächtnis deutscher Juden aus aller Welt, das in den vergangenen 20 Jahren zusammengetragen wurde. Besucher können sich in über 500 Dokumente und Fotos, Alltagsgegenstände und Kunstwerke aus den Nachlässen von zehn Familien vertiefen und den Lebenswegen mehrerer Generationen nachspüren.

Vielfalt der Zugänge

Neben Original-Objekten ist eine Vielfalt an audiovisuellen Medien, Virtual Reality, Kunst-Installationen, interaktiven Spielen und Hands-on-Stationen zu sehen.

Die Architektur Daniel Libeskinds wird von den Gestaltern neu in Szene gesetzt und lässt charakteristische „Libeskind-Momente“ – wie die ungewöhnlichen Fensterbilder oder die Leerräume der Voids – eindrücklich hervortreten. Die Gestaltung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft chezweitz GmbH/
Hella Rolfes Architekten BDA schafft visuell starke Räume: Sie findet für jedes Thema eine eigene Ästhetik, die den dargestellten Inhalt räumlich umsetzt.
Die JMB App bietet Audios, Bilder, Spiele, Informationen zum Museum und kurze Filme auf Deutsch und Englisch (demnächst auch auf Hebräisch, Italienisch, Französisch und Spanisch) – darunter Interviews mit Daniel Libeskind, Künstlern, Stiftern, Zeitzeugen und Kuratoren des Jüdischen
Museums Berlin. Tastmodelle, Tastpläne, unterfahrbare Vitrinen und eine klare Wegeführung sind selbstverständliche Angebote für einen barrierearmen Besuch.

Jüdisches Museum Berlin

Lindenstr. 9–14
10969 Berlin

Öffnungszeiten

Täglich geöffnet 10 bis 19 Uhr

Letzter Einlass: 18 Uhr

Ticketpreise

Kostenlos

Mehr Informationen: jmberlin.de.

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